Introduction
The standard algorithm in multiplication is a widely used method for multiplying two numbers. It provides a step-by-step approach to solve multiplication problems efficiently. In this article, we will dive deeper into the process of performing the standard algorithm in multiplication.
The Standard Algorithm in Multiplication
The standard algorithm in multiplication involves breaking down the multiplication problem into smaller, more manageable steps. It is typically used for multiplying multi-digit numbers. Let’s explore the steps involved in this algorithm:
Step 1: Set up the problem
Write the two numbers you want to multiply vertically, with one number above the other. Align the numbers based on their place values. For example, if you are multiplying a three-digit number by a two-digit number, align the numbers accordingly.
Step 2: Multiply the ones place
Start with the rightmost digit of the bottom number (ones place) and multiply it by each digit of the top number. Write the products below the line, starting from the rightmost position. If the product is a single-digit number, write it as it is. If it is a two-digit number, write only the ones place digit and carry over the tens place digit to the next step.
Step 3: Multiply the tens place
Move one place to the left and repeat the multiplication process. Multiply the digit in the tens place of the bottom number by each digit of the top number. Write the products below the line, considering any carried-over digits from the previous step.
Step 4: Continue multiplying
Repeat step 3 for each subsequent place value, moving one place to the left each time, until you have multiplied all the digits of the bottom number.
Step 5: Add the partial products
Starting from the rightmost position, add up all the partial products. Write the sum below the line. If there are any carried-over digits from the previous steps, include them in the addition.
Step 6: Finalize the product
The result of the multiplication is the final sum obtained in step 5. Write the product below the line, aligning it with the other numbers.
Example
Let’s illustrate the standard algorithm in multiplication with an example. Suppose we want to multiply 345 by 27.
“`
345
x 27
——-
690 (Partial product: 345 x 7)
6900 (Partial product: 345 x 20)
——-
9315 (Final product)
“`
Conclusion
The standard algorithm in multiplication provides a systematic approach to solve multiplication problems efficiently. By breaking down the problem into smaller steps, it allows us to multiply multi-digit numbers with ease. Following the steps outlined in this article can help you master the standard algorithm in multiplication.
References
– mathsisfun.com
– khanacademy.org
– mathwarehouse.com
