Introduction
When it comes to operating systems, there are various kinds of software that are typically included. These software components work together to provide a seamless user experience and ensure the proper functioning of the operating system. However, not all types of software are usually included by an installed operating system. In this article, we will explore the different kinds of software that are commonly found in an operating system and identify the one that is typically not included.
Software Included in an Installed Operating System
1. Kernel: The kernel is the core component of an operating system. It manages the system’s resources, including memory, CPU, and input/output devices. It provides essential services for other software components and acts as a bridge between hardware and software.
2. Device Drivers: Device drivers are software programs that allow the operating system to communicate with hardware devices. They provide the necessary instructions for the operating system to control and utilize various hardware components, such as printers, graphics cards, and network adapters.
3. File System: The file system is responsible for organizing and managing files and directories on storage devices. It provides a hierarchical structure for storing and retrieving data, ensuring efficient access and data integrity.
4. User Interface: The user interface (UI) is the means through which users interact with the operating system. It includes graphical elements, such as windows, menus, and icons, as well as input methods, such as keyboards and mice. The UI enables users to perform tasks, access applications, and configure system settings.
5. System Utilities: System utilities are software tools that assist in managing and maintaining the operating system. They perform tasks such as disk cleanup, system optimization, security management, and troubleshooting. Examples of system utilities include antivirus software, disk defragmenters, and task managers.
6. Application Programming Interfaces (APIs): APIs are sets of rules and protocols that allow applications to interact with the operating system. They provide a standardized way for developers to access system resources and services, enabling the creation of software applications that can run on the operating system.
Software Not Usually Included
Among the various kinds of software included in an installed operating system, one type that is typically not included is Application Software. Unlike the aforementioned software components, application software is not an integral part of the operating system itself. Instead, it refers to software programs that are designed to perform specific tasks or provide specific functionalities for end-users.
Application software includes a wide range of programs, such as word processors, web browsers, media players, and graphic design tools. These applications are developed by third-party software vendors and are installed separately from the operating system. While some operating systems may come bundled with certain pre-installed applications, the vast majority of application software is not included by default.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while an installed operating system includes various kinds of software components such as the kernel, device drivers, file system, user interface, system utilities, and APIs, application software is typically not included. Application software refers to programs developed by third-party vendors to perform specific tasks or provide specific functionalities for end-users. Understanding the distinction between the software included in an operating system and application software is essential for effectively utilizing and customizing your computer system.
References
– Microsoft: https://www.microsoft.com
– Apple: https://www.apple.com
– Linux Foundation: https://www.linuxfoundation.org
